Levenson, Jon Douglas. Esther: A Commentary, Old Testament Library. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1997.
Crawford, Sidnie White. "Esther." In Women's Bible Commentary (ed. Carol A. Newsom, Sharon H. Ringe and Jacqueline E. Lapsley; 3rd ed.; Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2012) 201-207.
Secondary Literature
Ackerman, Susan. Warrior, Dancer, Seductress, Queen: Women in Judges and Biblical Israel. New York: Doubleday, 1998.
Bellis, Alice Ogden. Helpmates, Harlots, and Heroes: Women’s Stories in the Hebrew Bible. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1994.
Goldman, Stan. "Narrative and Ethical Ironies in Esther." Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 47 (1990) 15-31.
Hacham, Noah. "3 Maccabees and Esther: Parallels, Intertextuality, and Diaspora Identity." Journal of Biblical Literature 126 (2007) 65-85.
Humphreys, W. Lee. "A Life-Style for Diaspora: A Study of the Tales of Esther and Daniel." Journal of Biblical Literature 92 (1973) 211-23.
Stone, Meredith J. Empire and Gender in LXX Esther, Early Judaism and Its Literature 48. Atlanta: SBL Press, 2018.
Mordechai and Esther, Dura Europos Synagogue (200s CE)
Primary Text Citation
Goodenough, Erwin Ramsdell. "The Paintings of the Dura-Europos Synagogue: Method and an Application." Israel Exploration Journal 8:2 (1958) 69-79.
Mode
Secondary Literature
Relevant Databases for Secondary Sources
L'Année philologique
Art Full Text
Art Index Retrospective
ARTstor
Arts & Humanities Citation Index
ATLA Religion Database
Humanities & Social Sciences Index Retrospective
Humanities Full Text
Levit-Tawil, Dalia. "The Enthroned King Ahasuerus at Dura in Light of the Iconography of Kingship in Iran." Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 250 (1983) 57-78.
Steinberg, Faith. "Women and the Dura-Europos Synagogue Paintings." Religion & the Arts 10:4 (2006) 461-496.
Tawil, Dalia. "Purim Panel in Dura in the Light of Parthian and Sasanian Art." Journal of near Eastern Studies 38 (1979) 93-109.
General Resources on the Paintings in the Dura Europos Synagogue
Bickerman, Elias Joseph. "Symbolism in the Dura Synagogue." Harvard Theological Review 58 (1965) 127-151.
Fine, Steven. "Liturgy and the Art of the Dura Europos Synagogue." In Liturgy in the Life of the Synagogue: Studies in the History of Jewish Prayer (ed. Ruth Langer and Steven Fine; Duke Judaic Studies 2; Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 2005) 41-71.
--------. "Liturgy and the Remains of the Dura Europos Synagogue: How Did It Function as a Religious Venue?" Journal of Synagogue Music 37 (2012) 20-48.
Fischer, James A. "Synagogue Paintings of Dura-Europos." Catholic Biblical Quarterly 17:2 (1955) 189-195.
Gates, Marie-Henriette Carre. "Dura-Europos: A Fortress of Syro-Mesopotamian Art." The Biblical Archaeologist 47:3, Sept. 1984) 166-181.
Goldstein, Jonathan A. "The Central Composition of the West Wall of the Synagogue of Dura-Europos." The Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society 16-17 (1984) 99-142.
--------. "The Judaism of the Synagogues (with a Focus on Dura-Europos)." In Judaism in Late Antiquity, Part 2, Historical Syntheses (ed. Jacob Neusner; Handbook of Oriental Studies, Section 1, The Near and Middle East; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995) 109-157.
Gutmann, Joseph. The Dura-Europas Synagogue: A Re-Evaluation (1932-1992), South Florida Studies in the History of Judaism 25. Tampa: University of South Florida Press, 1973.
--------. "The Dura Europos Synagogue Paintings: The State of Research." In The Synagogue in Late Antiquity (ed. Lee A. Levine; Winona Lake, Indiana: American Schools of Oriental Research/Eisenbrauns, 1987) 61-72.
--------. "The Synagogue at Dura-Europos: A Critical Analysis." In Evolution of the Synagogue: Problems and Progress (ed. Howard Clark Kee adn Lynn H Cohick; New York: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 1999) 73-88.
Hachlili, Rachel. "The Dura-Europos Synagogue Wall Paintings: A Question of Origin and Interpretation." In "Follow the Wise": Studies in Jewish History and Culture in Honor of Lee I. Levine (ed. Zeev Weiss; Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 2010) 403-420.
Laderman, Shula. "A New Look at the Second Register of the West Wall in Dura Europos." Cahiers Archeologiques 45 (1997) 5-18.
Moon, Warren G. "Nudity and Narrative: Observations on the Frescoes from the Dura Synagogue." Journal of the American Academy of Religion 60 (1992) 587-658.
Nock, Arthur Darby. "Synagogue Murals of Dura-Europos." In Harry Austryn Wolfson, Jubilee Volume on the Occasion of His Seventy-Fifth Birthday (Jerusalem: American Academy of Jewish Research, 1965) 631-639.
Post, Paulus Gijsbertus Johannes. "Dura Europos Revisited: Rediscovering Sacred Space." Worship 86:3 (2012) 222-244.
Schenk, Kära. "Temple, Community, and Sacred Narrative in the Dura-Europos Synagogue." AJS Review 34:2 (2010) 195-229.
Sonne, Isaiah. "The Paintings of the Dura Synagogue." Hebrew Union College Annual 20 (1947) 255-362.
Stern, Karen B. "Mapping Devotion in Roman Dura Europos: A Reconsideration of the Synagogue Ceiling." American Journal of Archaeology 114:3 (2010) 473-504.
Weisman, Stefanie. "Militarism in the Wall Paintings of the Dura-Europos Synagogue: A New Perspective on Jewish Life on the Roman Frontier." Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 30:3 (2012) 1-34.
Wharton, Annabel Jane. "Good and Bad Images from the Synagogue of Dura Europos: Contexts, Subtexts, Intertexts." Art History 17 (1994) 1-25.
Wischnitzer, Rachel Bernstein. "Closed Temple Panel in the Synagogue of Dura-Europos." Journal of the American Oriental Society 91 (1971) 367-378.
--------. "Paintings of the Synagogue at Dura-Europos." Gazette Des Beaux Arts (1948) 261-266.
Illuminations from Megillat Ester, Arthur Szyk (1925, 1950)
Primary Text Citation
Szyk, Arthur. Le livre d'Esther. Paris: L'Édition d'art H. Piazza, 1925.
Ansell, Joseph P. Arthur Szyk: Artist, Jew, Pole. Oxford: Littman Library of Jewihs Civilization, 2004.
Chang, Allison Claire. Heroes of Ancient Israel: The Playing Card Art of Arthur Szyk. Burlingame, California: Historicana, 2011.
Walfish, Barry Dov. "Images of Esther in Modern Jewish Art." In The Bible Retold by Jewish Artists, Writers, Composers and Filmmakers (ed. Helen Leneman and Barry Dov Walfish; The Bible in the Modern World 71; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2015) 186-211.
Esther Triumphant, Arieh Allweil (1940)
Primary Text Citation
Allweil, Arieh. Esther Triumphant. Published in Megillat Ester (Tel Aviv: "Hillel": Agudah grafit le-hotsaʾat defuse Alvail, n.d.).
Mode
Thompson, Ruthe. "Getting Physical: Linoleum Prints." American Artist 66:725 (2002) 64-70.
Secondary Literature
Relevant Databases for Secondary Sources
Art Full Text
Art Index Retrospective
ARTstor
Arts & Humanities Citation Index
ATLA Religion Database
Humanities & Social Sciences Index Retrospective
Humanities Full Text
Walfish, Barry Dov. "Images of Esther in Modern Jewish Art." In The Bible Retold by Jewish Artists, Writers, Composers and Filmmakers (ed. Helen Leneman and Barry Dov Walfish; The Bible in the Modern World 71; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2015) 186-211.
Esther, the Towering Presence, Marc Chagall (1960)
Primary Text Citation
Chagall, Marc. Esther, the Towering Presence. Published in Dessins pour la Bible (Paris: Verve, 1960; = Verve 10:37-38); also published in English as Drawings for the Bible (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1960).
Mode
Reid, Stephen Breck. "The Art of Marc Chagall: An Interpretation of Scripture." In Art as Religious Studies (ed. Doug Adams and Diane Apostolos-Cappadona; New York: Crossroad, 1987) 70-80.
Secondary Literature
Relevant Databases for Secondary Sources
Art Full Text
Art Index Retrospective
ARTstor
Arts & Humanities Citation Index
ATLA Religion Database
Humanities & Social Sciences Index Retrospective
Humanities Full Text
Jeffrey, David L. "Meditation and Atonement in the Art of Marc Chagall." Religion and the Arts 16:3 (2012) 211-230.
Walfish, Barry Dov. "Images of Esther in Modern Jewish Art." In The Bible Retold by Jewish Artists, Writers, Composers and Filmmakers (ed. Helen Leneman and Barry Dov Walfish; The Bible in the Modern World 71; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2015) 186-211.
Werner, Alfred. "Marc Chagall and His Bible Illustrations." The Reconstructionist 23:10 (1957) 6-14.
Esther Pleading for Her People, Leonard Baskin (1984)
Primary Text Citation
Baskin, Leonard. Esther Pleading for Her People. Published in The Five Scrolls (ed. and trans. Albert H. Friedlander and Herbert Bronstein; New York: CCAR Press, 1984).
Mode
Secondary Literature
Relevant Databases for Secondary Sources
Art Full Text
Art Index Retrospective
ARTstor
Arts & Humanities Citation Index
ATLA Religion Database
Humanities & Social Sciences Index Retrospective
Humanities Full Text
Anderson, Jim. "The Nature of Existence." Printmaking Today 19:4 (2010) 12-13.
Higgs, Kimball. "Leonard Baskin 1922–2000." Art on Paper 5:1 (2000) 26.
Hughes, Ted. "The Hanged Man and the Butterfly." In The Complete Prints of Leonard Baskin: A Catalogue Raisonné (Boston: Little, Brown, 1984).
Walfish, Barry Dov. "Images of Esther in Modern Jewish Art." In The Bible Retold by Jewish Artists, Writers, Composers and Filmmakers (ed. Helen Leneman and Barry Dov Walfish; The Bible in the Modern World 71; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2015) 186-211.
BIG Bible Town: Esther, 3rd Day Games (x)
Primary Text Citation
3rd Day Games. "Esther." Bible Champions II. Windows. 2007.
Mode
Robson, Jon and Aaron Meskin. "Video Games as Self-Involving Interactive Fictions." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 74:2 (2016) 165-77.
Wagner, Rachel. Godwired: Religion, Ritual and Virtual Reality. New York: Routledge, 2012. [esp. ch. 2]
Secondary Literature
Relevant Databases for Secondary Sources
ATLA Religion Database
ComAbstracts
Communication Source
Bak, Meredith A. "Building Blocks of the Imagination." Velvet Light Trap A Critical Journal of Film and Television 78 (2016) 53-64.
Dalton, Russell W. Children's Bibles in America: A Reception History of the Story of Noah's Ark in U.S. Children's Bibles. New York: Bloomsbury, 2015.
Lucas, Paul A. "The Video Game Soap Opera: Storytelling and Plot Development in Video Games." Florida Communication Journal 43:2 (2015) 91-102.
Wellenreiter, Michael. "Screenwriting and Authorial Control in Narrative Video Games." Journal of Screenwriting 6:3 (2015) 343-61.
Esther (Est 5:1-14), Donald Jackson (2009)
Primary Text Citation
Jackson, Donald. Esther (Est 5:1-14). 2009. Illuminated manuscript. The Saint John's Bible, St. John's University, Collegeville, Minnesota, USA.
The Book of Esther. Prod. Elizabeth Travis, Michael Scott, David A. R. White, Russell Wolfe and Anna Zielinski; dir. David A. R. White. 90 min. Pure Flix Entertainment, 2013. [format you accessed it in].
Because these are short and popular, you can read them, but they don't replace the need for at least two professional sources.
x.
Whack-a-Haman, Jewish Interactive (2014)
Primary Text Citation
Jewish Interactive. Whack-a-Haman.
Mode
Robson, Jon and Aaron Meskin. "Video Games as Self-Involving Interactive Fictions." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 74:2 (2016) 165-77.
Wagner, Rachel. Godwired: Religion, Ritual and Virtual Reality. New York: Routledge, 2012. [esp. ch. 2]
Secondary Literature
Relevant Databases for Secondary Sources
ATLA Religion Database
ComAbstracts
Communication Source
Bak, Meredith A. "Building Blocks of the Imagination." Velvet Light Trap A Critical Journal of Film and Television 78 (2016) 53-64.
Dalton, Russell W. Children's Bibles in America: A Reception History of the Story of Noah's Ark in U.S. Children's Bibles. New York: Bloomsbury, 2015.
Lucas, Paul A. "The Video Game Soap Opera: Storytelling and Plot Development in Video Games." Florida Communication Journal 43:2 (2015) 91-102.
Wellenreiter, Michael. "Screenwriting and Authorial Control in Narrative Video Games." Journal of Screenwriting 6:3 (2015) 343-61.
Esther and the King, dir. Raoul Walsh and Mario Bava (1960)
Primary Text Citation
Esther and the King. Prod. Raoul Walsh; dir. Raoul Walsh and Mario Bava. 109 min. Galatea Film and Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation, 1960. [format you accessed it in].
Boyarin, Daniel. "Introduction: Purim and the Cultural Poetics of Judaism—Theorizing Diaspora." Poetics Today 15 (1994) 1-8.
Harel, Naama. "The Book of Esther and Persecutor-Persecuted Politics in Manger's Megile-lider and Gitai's Esther. In The Bible Retold by Jewish Artists, Writers, Composers and Filmmakers (ed. Helen Leneman and Barry Dov Walfish; The Bible in the Modern World 71; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2015) 244-55.
Ingersoll, Richard. "The Ruins of Esther: Towards a Theory of Open Scenography." In The Films of Amos Gitai: A Montage (ed. Paul Willemen; London: British Film Institute, 1993) 56-60.
Privett, Ray. Amos Gitai: Exile and Atonement. New York: Cinema Purgatorio, 2013.
Film Reviews
Because these are short and popular, you can read them, but they don't replace the need for at least two professional sources.
x.
Queen Esther, Lilian Broca (2001–2002)
Primary Text Citation
Broca, Lilian. Queen Esther. Venetian vitreous glass, gold tessera, gems, gold leaf on wood panel. 190.5 x 83.82 cm. 2001–2002.
There are 10 mosaics in this series, all shown on her website, cited below. If you choose another, adjust the primary text citation accordingly.
--------. "Queen Esther Mosaics: The Hidden and The Revealed." Journal of Mosaic Research 7 (2014) 77-87.
Broca, Lilian, Sheila Campbell and Yosef Wosk. The Hidden and the Revealed: The Queen Esther Mosaics of Lilian Broca. New York: Gefen Books, 2011.
Walfish, Barry Dov. "Images of Esther in Modern Jewish Art." In The Bible Retold by Jewish Artists, Writers, Composers and Filmmakers (ed. Helen Leneman and Barry Dov Walfish; The Bible in the Modern World 71; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2015) 186-211.
Queen Esther Revealing Her True Identity, Lilian Broca (2006)
Primary Text Citation
Broca, Lilian. Queen Esther Revealing Her True Identity. Iridium smalti, gems, gold tessera, gold leaf on panel. 121.92 x 83.82 cm. 2006.
There are 10 mosaics in this series, all shown on her website, cited below. If you choose another, adjust the primary text citation accordingly.
--------. "Queen Esther Mosaics: The Hidden and The Revealed." Journal of Mosaic Research 7 (2014) 77-87.
Broca, Lilian, Sheila Campbell and Yosef Wosk. The Hidden and the Revealed: The Queen Esther Mosaics of Lilian Broca. New York: Gefen Books, 2011.
Walfish, Barry Dov. "Images of Esther in Modern Jewish Art." In The Bible Retold by Jewish Artists, Writers, Composers and Filmmakers (ed. Helen Leneman and Barry Dov Walfish; The Bible in the Modern World 71; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2015) 186-211.
Mordechai and Esther, Dura Europos Synagogue (200s CE)
Illuminations from Megillat Ester, Arthur Szyk (1925, 1950)
Esther Triumphant, Arieh Allweil (1940)
Esther, the Towering Presence, Marc Chagall (1960)
Esther Pleading for Her People, Leonard Baskin (1984)
Queen Esther, Lilian Broca (2001–2002)
Queen Esther Revealing Her True Identity, Lilian Broca (2006)