Habel, Norman. The Book of Job: Commentary, Cambridge Bible Commentary. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1975.
Janzen, J. Gerald. Job, Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1985.
Pope, Marvin H. Job, Anchor Bible Commentary 15, 3rd ed. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1973; original, 1965.
Secondary Literature
Alderman, Brian J. Arguing with Job: Consolation and Quarrel in the Joban Dialogue, Perspectives on Hebrew Scriptures and Its Contexts. Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias, 2018.
Pinker, Aron. "The Core Story in the Prologue-Epilogue of the Book of Job." The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 6 (2006) Article 1. Online, http://www.jhsonline.org/
Articles/article_51.pdf, accessed [your access date].
Vargon, Shmuel. "The Date of Composition of hte Book of Job in the Context of S. D. Luzzatto's Attitude to Biblical Criticism." The Jewish Quarterly Review 91:3/4 (2001) 377-94.
Weinberg, Joel P. "Authorship and Author in the Ancient Near East and in the Hebrew Bible." Hebrew Studies 44 (2003) 157-69.
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassius. 359 CE. Marble. 4 x 8 x 4 ft. Museum of St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City.
Mode
Spier, Jeffrey. Picturing the Bible: The Earliest Christian Art. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, in association with the Kimbell Art Museum, 2007.
Secondary Literature
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L'annee philologique
Art Full Text
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Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2015.
Elsner, Jas. "Archaeologies and Agendas: Reflections on Late Ancient Jewish Art and Early Christian Art." The Journal of Roman Studies 93 (2003) 114–28.
Malbon, Elizabeth Struthers. The Iconography of the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, Princeton Legacy Library. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
The Jabach Altarpiece, Albrecht Dürer (c.1504)
Primary Text Citation
Dürer, Albrecht. The Jabach Altarpiece. c.1504. Oil on lime tree panel. Right panel: 96 x 54 cm. Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne, Germany . Left panel: 96 x 51 cm. Städel, Frankfurt, Germany.
Mode
DeGreve, Daniel Patrick. "Retro Tablum: The Origins and Role of the Altarpiece in the Liturgy." Sacred Architecture 17 (2010) 12-18.
Ehresmann, Donald L. "Some Observations on the Role of Liturgy in the Early Winged Altarpiece." Art Bulletin 64:3 (1982) 359-69.
Secondary Literature
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Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
Brown, Marguerite L. "Subject Matter of Duerer's Jabach Altar." Marsyas 1 (1941) 55-68.
"{Jabach Altar Wing} Job and His Wife (1502–04." Sudies in the History of Art 9 (1981) 42.
Low, Katherine. The Bible, Gender, and Reception History: The Case of Job's Wife, The Library of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament Studies, Scriptural Traces 240. New York: T&T Clark, 2015.
"Piper and Drummer of the Jabach Altarpiece." Museums Journal 70 (1970) 5.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
Altarpiece of Saint Job (c.1530)
Primary Text Citation
Altarpiece of Saint Job. c.1530. Polychrome and paint on wood. Sint-Jobkerk,Schoonbroek, Belgium.
Mode
DeGreve, Daniel Patrick. "Retro Tablum: The Origins and Role of the Altarpiece in the Liturgy." Sacred Architecture 17 (2010) 12-18.
Ehresmann, Donald L. "Some Observations on the Role of Liturgy in the Early Winged Altarpiece." Art Bulletin 64:3 (1982) 359-69.
Secondary Literature
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Art Full Text
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ARTstor
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Humanities Full Text
Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
Low, Katherine. The Bible, Gender, and Reception History: The Case of Job's Wife, The Library of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament Studies, Scriptural Traces 240. New York: T&T Clark, 2015.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
Job, Francis Gruber (1944)
Primary Text Citation
Gruber, Francis. Job. 1944. Oil paint on canvas. 162 x 130 cm. Tate Gallery, London, England.
Mode
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Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
Clutton-Brock, Alan Francis. "Something to be Said for Social Realism. Studio 158 (1959) 41-4.
Cone, Michèle. "Abstract Art as a Veil: Tricolor Painting in Vichy France, 1940–44." Art Bulletin 74 (1992) 191-204.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
Hopkins, Justine. "'My Life and My Inspiration': Meštrović, Folklore and Symbolic Sculpture." 25:2 (2016) 275-80.
Secondary Literature
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Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
Bugler, Caroline. "Sculpture and Nakedness: Corporeality and Eroticism in the Works of Ivan Meštrović." Art Newspaper 26:283 (2016) 27.
Meštrović, Ivan. "Job." National Sculpture Review 20:3 (1971) 23.
Šabić, Zorana Jurić. "Meštrović's Religious Works: From Sacred Motifs to Iconographic Programmes." Sculpture Journal 25:2 (2016) 217-34.
Schmeckebier, Laurence. Ivan Meštrović: Sculptor and Patriot. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 1959.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
Vunanović, Barbara. "Auguste Rodin and Ivan Meštrović—French Connections in Croatian Sculpture." Sculpture Journal 25:2 (2016) 203-216.
Job, Gerhard Marcks (c.1950)
Primary Text Citation
Marcks, Gerhard. Job. At area of Nazi victims. Hauptfriedhof (Franfurt Main Cemetery). Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Mode
Mathes, Bettina. "Teutonic Shifts, Jewish Voids." Third Text 26:2 (2012) 165-75.
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Amishai-Maisels, Ziva. Depiction and Interrpetation: The Influence of the Holocaust on the Visual Arts. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1993.
Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
Job Désespéré [Job in Despair], Marc Chagall (1960)
Primary Text Citation
Chagall, Marc. Job Désespéré [Job in Despair]. 1960. Color lithograph. 35.5 x 26.1 cm. Private collection.
Mode
Reid, Stephen Breck. "The Art of Marc Chagall: An Interpretation of Scripture." In Art as Religious Studies (ed. Doug Adams and Diane Apostolos-Cappadona; New York: Crossroad, 1987) 70-80.
"The Woodcut as Social Communicator." Part of the website, "A Gift to Biro-Bidjan: Chicago, 1937. From Despair to New Hope." Koehnline Museum of Art, Oakton Community College (2012). Online, http://www.oakton.edu/museum/birowood.html. Archived by archive.is. Online, http://archive.is/aXvk, accessed [your access date].
Secondary Literature
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Art Full Text
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ARTstor
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Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
Castleman, Riva. Prints of the Twentieth Century: A History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Jeffrey, David L. "The Christ of Marc Chagall: David Lyle Jeffrey Explains the Jewish and Christian Symbolism in Chagall’s Work." First Things 242 (2014) 26-30.
--------. "Meditation and Atonement in the Art of Marc Chagall." Religion and the Arts 16:3 (2012) 211-230.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
Werner, Alfred. "Marc Chagall and His Bible Illustrations." The Reconstructionist 23:10 (1957) 6-14.
Job and His Friends, Jakob Steinhardt (1964)
Primary Text Citation
Steinhardt, Jakob. Job and His Friends. 1922. Woodcut. 16.2 x 19 cm. The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, Israel.
Mode
"The Woodcut as Social Communicator." Part of the website, "A Gift to Biro-Bidjan: Chicago, 1937. From Despair to New Hope." Koehnline Museum of Art, Oakton Community College (). Online, http://www.oakton.edu/museum/
birowood.html. Archived by archive.is. Online, http://archive.is/aXvk, accessed [your access date].
Secondary Literature
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Art Full Text
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ARTstor
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Castleman, Riva. Prints of the Twentieth Century: A History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Werner, Alfred. "Steinhardt: Master of Black and White." Judaism 8:3 (1959) 258-65.
Job, Marc Chagall (1975)
Primary Text Citation
Chagall, Marc. Job. 1975. Oil on canvas. Size? Private collection.
Mode
Reid, Stephen Breck. "The Art of Marc Chagall: An Interpretation of Scripture." In Art as Religious Studies (ed. Doug Adams and Diane Apostolos-Cappadona; New York: Crossroad, 1987) 70-80.
Secondary Literature
Relevant Databases for Secondary Sources
Art Full Text
Art Index Retrospective
ARTstor
Arts & Humanities Citation Index
ATLA Religion Database
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Humanities Full Text
Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
Jeffrey, David L. "Meditation and Atonement in the Art of Marc Chagall." Religion and the Arts 16:3 (2012) 211-230.
Low, Katherine. The Bible, Gender, and Reception History: The Case of Job's Wife, The Library of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament Studies, Scriptural Traces 240. New York: T&T Clark, 2015.
Terrien, Samuel. The Iconography of Job through the Centuries: Artists as Biblical Interpreters. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1996.
Vicchio, Stephen J. The Image of the Biblical Job: A History, 3 vols. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.
Werner, Alfred. "Marc Chagall and His Bible Illustrations." The Reconstructionist 23:10 (1957) 6-14.
My Life is Wind, Barry Moser (1999)
Primary Text Citation
Moser, Barry. My Life is Wind. 1999. Relief engraving. 29.21 x 18.415 cm. In The Holy Bible: Containing All the Books of the Old and New Testaments (North Hatfield, Massachusetts: Pennyroyal Caxton Press, 1999) page.
Blake, William. The Book of Job. 1805–1812. Pen and black ink, gray wash, and watercolor, over traces of graphite. Various sizes. The Morgan Library and Museum.
Click on the image to go to The Morgan Library & Museum, which has a series of 21 watercolors and engravings of the Book of Job, including this scene of "Job's Evil Dreams."
Balentine, Samuel E. Have You Considered My Servant Job?: Understanding the Biblical Archetype of Patience, Studies on Personalities of the Old Testament. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 2015.
The Tree of Life. Prod. Sarah Green, Bill Pohlad, Brad Pitt, Dede Gardner and Grant Hill, dir. Terrence Malick. 2011. 139 min. Fox Searchlight Pictures. [format you watched it in].
Robbins, Gregory Allen. "'Aftertones of Infinity': Biblical and Darwinian Evocationsin Terrence Malick's The Tree and Life and To the Wonder." Journal of Religion and Film 20:1 (2015) Article 17. 22 pages. Online, https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1369&context=jrf, accessed [your access date].
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus (359 CE)
The Jabach Altarpiece, Albrecht Dürer (c.1504)
Altarpiece of Saint Job (c.1530)
Ehresmann, Donald L. "Some Observations on the Role of Liturgy in the Early Winged Altarpiece." Art Bulletin 64:3 (1982) 359-69.
Job, Ivan Meštrović (1946)
Job, Gerhard Marcks (c.1950)
Job Désespéré [Job in Despair], Marc Chagall (1960)
Job, Marc Chagall (1975)
My Life is Wind, Barry Moser (1999)
